1.
|
Identify, from among the following, the correct statement.
(a)
One of the main challenges Software Engineering facing today is the
requirement of most software systems to work with a multitude of
homogenous systems
(b) ‘Legacy systems’ are custom developed software systems for the legal domain
(c) Software does not wear-out in the traditional sense of the term, but software does tend to deteriorate as it evolves
(d) Since software is essentially ‘intangible’ it is relatively easy to manage software projects
(e)
With the advent of component based software assembly, we find that
only less than 20% of today’s software is still custom built.
|
Software Engineering:
(a) Is a set of rules about developing software products
(b) Has been around as a discipline since the early 50’s
(c) Started as a response to the so-called ‘Software Crisis’ of the late 90’s
(d) Is an engineering discipline concerned with all the aspects of software production
(e) Is now a mature discipline on par with other established engineering fields.
| |
Read the following paragraph and identify the correct statement.
“Imagine
that you were recently hired as a software engineer to a company that
specializes in aircraft navigation control software. While orientating
yourselves to the company’s work practices, you observe that they in
fact do not conduct a few tests that they should in order to comply with
the relevant safety standard. When you inquire about this from the
project manager, he dismisses it saying that those tests are really
unnecessary (and takes an unreasonably long time to conduct, as well as
being superfluous) and that they have managed with the other tests for
so long, without any problems.”
(a) You should immediately resign from the company and file a complaint with the relevant standard institution
(b) You should do nothing and let the matter slide
(c)
Although you are new to the company, and you hardly know anything
about the internal processes and politics, you should insist on the
company changing its work practices immediately; failing which you
threaten to report the matter
(d)
Since you are new to the company, and you are unfamiliar with the
internal processes and politics, you should first find-out more about
the issue and its background
(e) None of the above statements are correct.
| |
With regard to Evolutionary development, identify the correct statement.
(a) Evolutionary development usually comes in two flavors; exploratory development, and throw-away prototyping
(b) Very large projects are natural candidates for an evolutionary development based approach
(c) Exploratory development is used in situations where most of the requirements are well understood in advance
(d)
One of the strong points of evolutionary development is that it
facilitates easy project management, through the high volume of
documentation it generates
(e)
Often the construction of a throw-away prototype is not followed by a
reimplementation of the system using a more structured approach.
| |
What is the fundamental reason that software cannot be considered to be engineered?
(a) It is designed by humans and therefore flawed
(b) Software engineering (as opposed to other forms of engineering, such as Civil) is an art - not a science
(c) The discipline is relatively new, say in comparison to bridge building that is an activity that has millennia of practice
(d) None of these are true. Software Engineering is a truly rigorous discipline
(e) The complexity of systems and their interaction continues faster than we can understand it.
| |
The
software life cycle can be said to consist of a series of phases. The
classical model is referred to as the waterfall model. Which phase may
be defined as "The concept is explored and refined, and the client's
requirements are elicited?"
(a) Requirements (b) Specification (c) Design
(d) Implementation (e) Integration.
| |
The individual or organisation who wants a product to be developed is known as the:
(a) Developer (b) User (c) Contractor (d) Initiator (e) Client.
| |
Which of the following items should not be included in the software project management plan?
(a) The techniques and case tools to be used
(b) Detailed schedules, budgets and resource allocations
(c) The life cycle model to be used
(d)
The organisational structure of the development organisation, project
responsibilities, managerial objectives and priorities
(e) All of the above.
| |
The final form of testing COTS software is _________ testing.
(a) Unit (b) Integration (c) Alpha (d) Module (e) Beta.
| |
In the maintenance phase the product must be tested against previous test cases. This is known as __________ testing.
(a) Unit (b) Integration (c) Regression (d) Module (e) Beta.
|
11.
|
Which property of the rapid prototype is not important?
(a) The speed with which it can be developed
(b) The speed with which it can be modified
(c) Its ability to determine the client's real needs
(d) The insights that the design team can gain from it, even if they are of the 'how not to do it' variety
(e) Its internal structure.
|
An example of the risk involved in software development is
(a) Key personnel may resign before the product is complete
(b) The manufacturer of critical components (e.g. the hardware associated with a real-time system) may go bankrupt
(c) Technology changes may render the product obsolete
(d) Competitors may market a fully functional lower-cost equivalent package
(e) All of these are risks involved in software development.
| |
A simple way of looking at the spiral software life-cycle model is as a waterfall model with each phase proceeded by
(a) Build-and-fix (b) Freezing (c) Synchronization
(d) Testing (e) Risk analysis.
| |
The degree of interaction between two modules is known as
(a) Cohesion (b) Strength (c) Inheritance
(d) Coupling (e) Instantiation.
| |
The relationship between a derived class (or subclass) and base class is referred to as
(a) Association (b) Inheritance (c) Polymorphism
(d) Instantiation (e) Aggregation.
| |
Myers
(1978) identifies seven levels of cohesion. Which level of cohesion may
be defined as followed; "the output from one element in the component
serves as input for some other element"?
(a) Communicational cohesion (b) Functional cohesion
(c) Communicational cohesion (d) Temporal cohesion (e) None of these.
| |
A design is said to be a good design if the components are
(a) Strongly coupled
(b) Weakly cohesive
(c) Strongly coupled and Weakly cohesive
(d) Strongly coupled and strongly cohesive
(e) Strongly cohesive and weakly coupled.
| |
If a control switch is passed as an argument this is an example of _______ coupling.
(a) Content (b) Common (c) Control (d) Stamp (e) Data.
| |
Which of the following is a type of abstraction?
(a) Data (b) Procedural (c) Iteration
(d) All of the above (e) None of the above.
| |
In the classical chief programmer team approach, the team member responsible for maintaining the detailed design and coding is
(a) The chief programmer
(b) The programming secretary
(c) A specialized function that exists outside 'the team'
(d) The individual coder (i.e. programmer)
(e) The back-up programmer.
|
21.
|
Internal costs include
(a) Developers salaries
(b) Managers and support personnel salaries
(c) The cost of overheads such as utilities, rent and senior managers
(d) Materials (such as manuals) and services such as travel
(e) All of the above.
|
Problems with using Lines of Code to measure the size of a product include(s)
(a) The creation of source code is only part of the development effort
(b) The Lines of Code (LOC) will differ between languages and cannot be measured for some languages
(c) Should comments, data definitions etc (i.e. non-executable LOC) be included as well?
(d) The final size (kLOC) can only be determined once the product is delivered
(e) All of the above.
| |
Software Science bases its estimation of the size of a product on
(a) Files (Fi), Flows (Fl) and Processes (Pr)
(b) Lines of Code (kLOC)
(c) Function Points (FP)
(d) operands and operators
(e) Feature Points (FeP).
| |
In Intermediate COCOMO the mode that represents complex products is referred to as
(a) Embedded (b) Semidetached (c) Organic
(d) Multiplicative (e) Monolithic.
| |
Work that continues throughout the project and does not relate to any specific phase of software development is termed a(n)
(a) Milestone (b) Project function (c) Activity
(d) Task (e) Baseline.
| |
The
advantage of following the IEEE Standard for drawing up a Software
Project Management Plan (SPMP) - see IEEE Standard 1059.1 1987 - is
(a) It is drawn up by representatives from major software development organisations
(b) It is designed for all types of software products
(c) It is a framework that can be used irrespective of process model or specific techniques
(d) It can be tailored for each organisation for a particular application area, development team or technique.
(e) All of the above.
| |
The best way to test the Software Project Management Plan (SPMP) is by
(a) Prototyping (b) Inspection (c) Simulation
(d) Compilation (e) Debugging.
| |
Algorithmic cost estimation in different organisations may be different for the same application development, because
(a) Different organisations consider complexity factors differently
(b) Different organisations may use different programming languages
(c) Developers' skills may vary
(d) Techniques for the measurement of productivity may vary
(e) All of the above may be true.
| |
The aim of software engineering is to produce software that is
(a) Fault-free
(b) Delivered on time
(c) Delivered within budget
(d) Satisfies users' needs
(e) All of these are the aims of software engineering.
| |
Object-oriented concepts are not new. The first OO language was considered to be
(a) ALGOL-68 (b) FORTRAN 77 (c) C
(d) MODULA (e) SIMULA 67.
|
|
Answers
1.
|
Answer : ©
Reason: Remaining all are contradictory.
|
Answer : (d)
Reason: Software crisis of the late 60’s .
| |
Answer : (d)
Reason: D is the appropriate choice.
| |
Answer : (a)
Reason:
Evolutionary development usually comes in two flavors; exploratory
development, and throw-away prototyping is the correct statement with
respect to Evolutionary development.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason:
The fundamental reason that software can not be considered to be
engineered is the complexity of systems and their interaction continues
faster than we can understand it.
| |
Answer : (a)
Reason: In the requirements phase the concept is explored and refined and the clients requirements are elicited.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason: The individual or organisation who wants a product to be developed is known as the client.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason:
The software project management plan should include: the life cycle
model to be used, the organisational structure of the development
organisation, project responsibilities, managerial objectives and
priorities, the life cycle model to be used, detailed schedules, budgets
and resource allocations.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason: Beta testing occurs when a commercial form of the software is released to selected clients.
| |
Answer : ©
Reason:
Regression testing occurs when the product is tested against previous
test cases. This most frequently occurs in the maintenance phase.
|
11.
|
Answer : (c)
Reason:
The sole use of the rapid prototype is to determine what the client's
real needs are as rapidly as possible. The rapid prototype is then
effectively discarded so its internal structure is not relevant.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: There are many risks involved in software development.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason:
A simple way of looking at the spiral software life-cycle model is as a
waterfall model with each phase proceeded by risk analysis.
| |
Answer : (d)
Reason: The degree of interaction between two modules is known as coupling.
| |
Answer : (b)
Reason: A derived class inherits all the attributes of a base class.
| |
Answer : (a)
Reason: In communicational cohesion the output from one element in the component serves as input for some other element.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason: You should aim to maximize the interaction within a module and minimize the interaction between modules.
| |
Answer : (c)
Reason: Two modules are control coupled if one passes an element of control to another.
| |
Answer : (d)
Reason:
The three types of abstraction (data, procedural and iteration) are all
instances of the more general concept of information hiding.
| |
Answer : (d)
Reason:
In the classical chief programmer team approach, the team member
responsible for maintaining the detailed design and coding is the
individual coder (i.e. programmer).
|
21.
|
Answer : (a)
Reason: Internal costs comprise all the costs to the developers.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: There are many problems with using Lines of Code to measure the size of a product.
| |
Answer : (d)
Reason: Software Science bases its estimation of the size of a product on the number of operands and operators.
| |
Answer : (a)
Reason: In Intermediate COCOMO there are three modes: organic, semidetached and imbedded.
| |
Answer : (b)
Reason:
Work that continues throughout the project and does not relate to any
specific phase of software development is termed a project function.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason: There are many advantages of using a standard.
| |
Answer : (b)
Reason:
The best way to test the Software Project Management Plan (SPMP) is by a
plan inspection by the SQA team. In order to further reduce risk the
duration and cost estimates should further be independently computed by
people other than the original project team.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason: Cost estimation incorporates a number of factors.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason:
The aim of software engineering is to produce software that is
fault-free, delivered on time, delivered within budget, and satisfies
users' needs.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason: The first OO language was considered to be SIMULA 67.
|
31.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Software engineering is the
systematic approach to the development of software , operation of
software , maintenance of software and retirement of software .
|
32.
|
Answer : (c)
Reason: Brooks’ view of the essence of software included Complexity, conformity, changeability &invisibility.
|
33.
|
Answer : (d)
Reason: The essence of software
engineering is managing complexity, personnel resources, time and money
and producing useful products.
|
34.
|
Answer : (d)
Reason: Planning is life-cycle concern.
|
35.
|
Answer : (a)
Reason: Process perspective and defect elimination best captures the quality paradigm.
|
36.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Prototyping seems appropriate
for Data-oriented applications, Applications with emphasis on the user
interface, Applications which are highly interactive and Development
teams who lack domain experience
|
37.
|
Answer : (a)
Reason: Planning , risk analysis
,engineering and customer evaluation are the important four major
activities of the spiral model.
|
38.
|
Answer : (a)
Reason: Choice A is the apt among all the answers for choosing a development life cycle model.
|
39.
|
Answer : (b)
Reason: People, Problem, Product& Process factors are considered when planning a software development effort.
|
40.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Soruce code, reference manual ,requirements document and user’s guide are the deliverables for a software system.
|
41.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Tightermanageiral control is not viewed as a primary mover in improving the software process
|
42.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: When software delivered
behind schedule, software exceeding cost estimate ,unreliable and
difficult to maintain then it is said that software crisis.
|
43.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Algebra Tutor would be a good candidate for adoting the prototyping paradigm.
|
44.
|
Answer : (b)
Reason: minimizing the execution errors would not included in views of quality software.
|
45.
|
Answer : (c)
Reason: Software configuration activities would include proper implementation of change.
|
46.
|
Answer : (a)
Reason: In planning a software project I would find ways to produce results using limited resources
|
47.
|
Answer : (d)
Reason: A systematic approach to
software development, as epitomized by the various life-cycle models, is
useful in managing the various activities necessary to get the job
done.
|
48.
|
Answer : (b)
Reason: Staffing is the apt choice among the given
|
49.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Software measurement is
useful to , indicate quality of the product , track progress , assess
productivity and form a baseline for estimation and prediction.
|
50.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Product quantity would not include during the management of a software project.
|
51.
|
Answer : (c)
Reason: C is the right choice.
|
52.
|
Answer : (b)
Reason: Planning is finding new personnel resources to support labor intensive development is not descriptive of planning
|
53.
|
Answer : (a)
Reason: The information we need to capture during requirements analysis would probably not include hiring Authority .
|
54.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Stamp coupling is that when two modules are coupled if they communicate via composite data item.
|
55.
|
Answer : (b)
Reason: Cohesion measures how strongly the elements within a module are related.
|
56.
|
Answer : (d)
Reason: when the elements of a module all operate on the same data we call it as a communicational cohesion.
|
57.
|
Answer : (c)
Reason: Stress testing is to confront the program with abnormal situations.
|
58.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: Artificial Intelligent software belongs to knowledge based system.
|
59.
|
Answer : (c)
Reason: practice is not involved in software development process.
|
60.
|
Answer : (e)
Reason: size, effort, schedule and quality are the direct measures.
|
61.
|
Answer : (d)
Reason : a software project
manager need to act to minimize the risk of software failure by Tracking
the progress of software
|
Answer : (b)
Reason : To be an effective aid
in process improvement the baseline metrics used must be Measured
consistently across projects
| |
Answer : (c)
Reason : Empirical estimation models are typically based on Regression models derived from historical project data.
| |
Answer : (b)
Reason : Market Assessment is not one of the guiding principles of software project scheduling:
| |
Answer : (b)
Reason : Two tools for computing critical path and project completion times from activity networks are CPM &PERT
| |
Answer : (b)
Reason : The purpose of earned value analysis is to Provide a quantitative means of assessing software project progress
| |
Answer : (c)
Reason : The rapid application development model is A high-speed adaptation of the linear sequential model.
| |
Answer : (c)
Reason : Develop a solution for the problem is not an objective for building analysis models?
| |
Answer : (a)
Reason : The entity relationship diagram depicts relationships between data objects
| |
Answer : (d)
Reason : Project Scope is not an area of concern in the design model
|
71.
|
Answer : (d)
Reason : Coupling is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module is connected to other modules.
|
Answer : (d)
Reason : The following Define
intuitive shortcuts ,Disclose information in a progressive fashion,
Establish meaningful defaults interface design principles reduces the
user's memory load
| |
Answer : (a)
Reason : Black box testing is another name for Specification-based testing.
| |
Answer : (b)
Reason : Marketing data configuration objects would not typically be found in the project database
| |
Answer : (c)
Reason : the following task Statistical quality control is not part of software configuration management
| |
Answer : (d)
Reason : White box specification is not associated with cleanroom approach
| |
Answer : (d)
Reason : Programming is not a logical layer of the application in client server system
| |
Answer : (c)
Reason : Places heavy processing load on the server
| |
Answer : (a)
Reason : Traditionally, the only phase of software development where a formal approach is used is Programming.
| |
Answer : (e)
Reason : Domain Engineering in
CBSE is toIdentification of components,Catalogue reusable
components,Domain modeling, Structural modeling.
|
No comments:
Post a Comment