REASONING – SYLLOGISM

Based on the given Statements, You are required to evaluate which conclusion follows.

Mark 1. If the 1^st statement follows

Mark 2. If the 2^nd statement follows

Mark 3. If both follows

Mark 4. I f none follows

Questions

1. Statement.1 All Doctors are engineers Statement.2 All Engineers are Advocates

Conclusion 1. All Advocates are Doctors Conclusion 2. All Doctors are Advocates

2. Statement.1. Some Chairs are Furniture Statement.2. Some Furniture is Tables

Conclusion 1.Some Tables are Chairs Conclusion 2. Some furniture is chairs

3. Statement.1. All flowers are buds Statement.2. No bud is bush

Conclusion 1. No bush is flower Conclusion 2. All flowers is flower

4. Statement.1. No cat is elephant Statement.2. No elephant is animal

Conclusion 1. No cat is animal Conclusion 2. Some elephant is cat

5. Statement.1. All monkeys are animals Statement.2. Anil is an animal

Conclusion 1. Anil is a monkey Conclusion 2. All monkey are animals

6. Statement.1. Some Apples are bricks Statement.2. All grapes are bricks

Conclusion 1. Some Apples are grapes Conclusion 2. Al bricks are grapes

7. Statement.1. All plants are trees Statement.2. No tree is stone

Conclusion 1. No stone is plants Conclusion 2. Some stones are plants

8. Statement.1.All players are tall Statement.2.Rahul is tall

Conclusion 1. Rahul is player Conclusion 2. No player is tall

9. Statement.1.All students read news paper Statement.2. Rahul doesn’t read newspaper

Conclusion 1. Rahul is a student. Conclusion 2. Rahul is not a student

10. Statement.1. All rivers are ponds Statement.2. Some ponds are lakes

Conclusion 1. Some lakes are not ponds Conclusion 2. All lakes are rivers

11. Statement.1All windows are doors Statement.2 No door is a bat

Conclusion 1. No window is bat `Conclusion 2. No bat is door

12. Statement 1.All glasses are liquids Statement 2.All liquids are fluids

Conclusion 1. All glasses are fluids Conclusion 2. All fluids are glasses

13. Statement 1. Some gold are bright. Statement 2. Some bright are silver

Conclusion 1. Some gold are silver Conclusion 2. Some bright are gold.

14. Statement 1.All flowers are garden Statement. 2. All gardens are fruits.

Conclusion 1. All fruits are flowers Conclusion 2. All flowers are fruits.

15. Statement 1. All poets are singers Statement 2. No singer is composer.

Conclusion 1. No composer is poet Conclusion 2. All singers are poet.

16. Statement 1. All Tables are cupboards Statement 2. Some cupboards are chairs

Conclusion 1. Some chairs are Tables Conclusion 2. No chair is Table

17. Statement 1. No tigers are rabbits Statement 2. No rabbit is a jackal

Conclusion 1. All tigers are jackal Conclusion 2. Some tigers are jackal

18. Statement 1. Some blues are oranges Statement 2. Some oranges are green

Conclusion 1. Some blues are green Conclusion 2. No blue is green.

19. Statement 1. Some hotels are teashop. Statement 2.All restaurants are teashop

Conclusion 1. Some Hotels are restaurants. Conclusion 2. No Hotel is restaurant.

20. Statement 1. Some shops are footages Statement 2. All footages are slippers.

Conclusion 1. Some slippers are shops Conclusion 2. No slipper is shop

21. Statement 1.No book is eraser Statement 2. Some erasers are not pens

Conclusion 1. Some books are pens Conclusion 2. Some erasers are pens.

22. Statement.1.All MLAs are Ministers. Statement 2. No Minister is MP.

Conclusion 1. All MLAs are MPs. Conclusion 2. No MP is MLA

23. Statement 1. Some Kings are queens Statement 2. All queens are bishops.

Conclusion 1. Some Kings are bishops Statement 2. All Kings are Bishops

24. Statement 1.No teacher is Engineer Statement 2. Some engineers are not Doctor

Conclusion 1. All teachers are Doctors Conclusion 2. Some teachers are Doctors.

25. Statement 1.All Politicians are Sociologist. Statement 2. All sociologists are fighters.

Conclusion 1. All politicians are fighters. Conclusion 2. Some fighters are Politicians.

Key and explanation

1. Answer is 2. Both are SAP type premises, hence, the conclusion may be SAP type. Incase of first conclusion the term ‘Advocate’ which is distributed is not distributed in question.
2. Answer is 4. Both Statements are SIP type or particular. Hence, No conclusion is possible.
3. Answer is 1. First statement is SAP and second statement is SEP, ie, Universal negative, from which we will get only SEP.
4. Answer is 4. Combination Universal negative premises will produce no conclusion
5. Answer is 4. The middle term ‘animal’ has not been distributed at least once in the premises.
6. Answer is 4. The middle term ‘bricks’ has not been distributed at least once in the premises.
7. Answer is 1. Combination of SAP (Universal positive) and SEP (universal negative) often produce SEP.
8. Answer is 4. The middle term ‘tall’ is distributed at least once in the premises.
9. Answer is 2. Combination of SAP (Universal positive) and SEP (universal negative) often produce SEP.
10. Answer is 4. The middle term ‘ponds’ has not been distributed at least once in the premises
11. Answer is 3. Combination of SAP and SEP produces SEP only.
12. Answer is 1. In Second conclusion, the term ‘fluids’ is distributed which is not distributed in premises.
13. Answer is 4. The middle term ‘ponds’ has not been distributed at least once in the premises. More over, the combination of SIP and SIP never produces any conclusion.
14. Answer is 2. In first conclusion, the term ‘fruits’ is distributed which is not distributed in premises.
15. Answer is 1. In Second conclusion, the term ‘singer’ is distributed which is not distributed in first premises.
16. Answer is 4. The middle term ‘cupboard’ has not been distributed at least once in the premises.
17. Answer is 4. More over, the combination of SEP and SEP produces nothing.
18. Answer is 4. The middle term ‘oranges’ has not been distributed at least once in the premises. More over, the combination of SIP and SIP never produces any conclusion.
19. Answer is 4. The middle term ‘teashop’ has not been distributed at least once in the premises.
20. Answer is 1. In Second conclusion, the term ‘slipper’ is distributed which is not distributed in premises.
21. Answer is 4. More over, the combination of two negative premises produces nothing.
22. Answer is 2. Combination of SAP and SEP produces SEP only.
23. Answer is 1. In Second conclusion, the term ‘kings’ is distributed which is not distributed in premises.
24. Answer is 4. More over, the combination of two negative premises produces nothing.
25. Answer is 3.